The Argument Against The Mass Amnesty Of The Millions Of...

THE CASE AGAINST AMNESTY 2 Abstract Within the confines of this essay lies the argument against the mass amnesty of the millions of illegal immigrants. This conclusion came to fruition through the use of the many sources at the disposal of anybody who can use a database. The topics that will be touched upon will include the evidence regarding the diversion of tax money and the amount of tax revenue that would be returned to the United States by the newly welcomed migrants, the costs of educating their children, the influx of crime caused by these individuals, a review of constitutional law and the ways in which it is involved, and a surprising, yet humanitarian angle to the side against amnesty regarding the methods of detainment used by the current centers that are in place and the inhumane treatment contained within those walls. A fair but firm criticism of the opposition will be taken as the major points behind their argument are systematically taken apart and discussed in length, yet, near the end, those points wil l be shown in a light that will not validate, but show these points to noble in their aim and explain why these points, while noble, are incapable of producing the results that the opposition would like to obtain. Keywords: Immigration, Reform, Illegal Immigrants. THE CASE AGAINST AMNESTYShow MoreRelatedLegalization For Hard Working Immigrants890 Words   |  4 Pagessparked various arguments between Americans. No agreement has been reached regarding immigration reform, possibly because many people view it as an immediate amnesty rather than a possibility of legalization for hard-working immigrants. Despite of the negative meaning associated with it, an immigration reform would be beneficial to the U.S. in social aspects, such as having undivided families, and by stimulating economic growth. A common misconception is that legalizing illegal immigrants would justRead MoreAmnesty and The Illegal Immigration Problem Essay2656 Words   |  11 PagesIllegal immigration has been a problem in the United States for a long time. The government attempted to use different methods to eliminate or reduce illegal immigrants. From deportation and increasing boarder security, to implementing laws that punish employers for hiring illegal immigrants, to awarding temporary work permits, and then to legalizing illegal immigrants through amnesty, these attempts have all failed. Nowadays, many questions ask if this problem of illegal immigration can ever beRead MoreOpen and Closed Borders: the Effects on America4116 Words   |  17 Pages2013 Introduction â€Å"The Census Bureau estimates that 450,000 illegal immigrants enter the United States each year† (Point: Immigration). Why are so many immigrants coming here illegally? â€Å"Immigrants leave their country of origin for a variety of reasons including employment, economic, social conditions, military conflict, and political turmoil† (Immigration Restrictions). What is the government doing to stop it? Each year many immigrants enter the United States, a good number of them enter illegallyRead MoreImmigration Reform : The United States1889 Words   |  8 Pagescountry created by immigrants, is currently facing what some consider to be an immigration crisis. As of 2012, there is over eleven million undocumented illegal aliens living inside the United States. Both the American public and the lawmakers elected to represent us are divided on the issue. Some people view the influx of immigrants crossing over the border from Mexico to America as a good thing while others vi ew it as a disaster waiting to happen. Regardless of ones view on immigrants coming over, mostRead MoreWho Is an American?1660 Words   |  7 Pagessimple. It can be concisely stated as the following. Open immigration is never going to be a viable solution, amnesty (for the third time in three generations) is not a good idea without some major follow-up, and the economic consequences of allowing 12 million (estimated) immigrants becoming legal overnight is not the panacea and feel-good fest that some people may think it will be. If amnesty recipients agree to do so and complete the requirements, they can and should be allowed to stay and be fruitfulRead MoreIllegal immigration2120 Words   |  9 PagesAlien Invasion Illegal immigration is widespread throughout the United States. There are 12 million or more illegal aliens in the United States, this number continues to rise (Swartz). This influx of illegal immigrants causes jobless Americans to lose out on opportunities. Employers choose to pay illegal immigrants lower wages than American workers. Is it right to pay illegal immigrants less than Americans to do the same job? Should the illegal immigrants be deported? Should border control be increasedRead Morecase study immigration4147 Words   |  17 Pagesconservative traditionalists against liberal progressives over the direction of America’s future. One topic which has not received as much attention as the rest, yet potentially has the largest impact on the common American is that of Immigration. As of late, the immigration debate has received more traction, due to the Obama Administration’s new reform Act (Commonsense Immigration Reform Act of 2011) as well as the growing numbe r of undocumented immigrants (estimated at 11 million). The Act attempts toRead MoreImmigration Reform : The United States3271 Words   |  14 PagesImmigration has held a major role in shaping our country. Immigrants have provided many things such as customs, manufacturing, inventions, and entertainment. Many people today don t realize how greatly we have been affected by immigration. Before the era of rapid communications and transportation, America encouraged relatively open immigration to settle its empty lands. Over many years, the policies have changed and become more difficult for immigrants and their families. Too often do families get separatedRead MoreAsian And Latino Persons Are Still Treated As Racial Outsiders2385 Words   |  10 Pagesstill treated as racial outsiders within the United States, she is referring to the America’s treatment of these minority groups throughout history and today. For instance, the labor of both groups of immigrants have continually exploited as they sought the rumored opportunity of our â€Å"nation of immigrants.† Historical examples would include the Asian population that played a key role in the Central Pacific Railroad and the Latino population that continues to be utilized by farmers to supplement an AmericanRead MoreIllegal Immigration1709 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal Immigration: The Undocumented Issue In this paper I will discuss one of the biggest issues in the United States: Illegal immigrants. Some may say that illegal immigration has a positive impact on the United States’ economy, and some think that these undocumented immigrants affect jobs and wages of people that are living in this country. I think that illegal immigrants harm the United States’ economy through their use of our country’s social services such as health care, education and

An Internship At The Army Corps Of Engineers - 1203 Words

As a student looking for an internship, I received an amazing opportunity to be a Pathways Intern for The Army Corps of Engineers. My position is an Administrative Assistant in the Construction Branch. My office location is over in Davenport and our office is called the Central Area Office. I have been under the pathways program since December 2016 and since then I have learned so much from my job and my co-workers. It has been a place that I enjoy working for and would like to become a permanent employee in the future. It is my goal to be able to fill in a permanent position in the future. Working for the Construction Branch was very intimidating because of the lack of knowledge I had involving construction or the army. Throughout my†¦show more content†¦After everything is inputted correctly in CEFMS for the trip, I request the travel order and email my supervisor to let him know that the travel order is ready for him to certify and approve. By certifying the travel order my supervisor is confirming the funds to pay for it. My supervisor will then approve it and send it out to a company called Millington. Millington oversees everything to do with travel. We must have them approve any travel order for the traveler to be refunded for the trip. After the trip is completed it is the duty of the traveler to give me receipts. Depending on the trip and how far, receipts could include hotel, plane tickets, parking fees, etc. After the receipts are in my possession, I will start to make a travel voucher. The traveler voucher is a breakdown of the trip and what was spe nt on each day. I will use information from the receipts I received to fill in the daily cost of hotel charges and the daily taxes. After filling in the required information for the travel voucher, I will combine the travel order, traveler voucher, and receipts into one file in Adobe and send it via email to the traveler for them to verify and sign electronically. The traveler will then email the signed version back to me and I will send it to my supervisor for their signature and once again will be sent to Millington for them to review. Another important part of my job is to review payrolls. These payrolls come from the employees of the companiesShow MoreRelatedWest Point Academy And New York1060 Words   |  5 Pagesmost colleges in America, West Point pays for all of its students. Although it might be free, there are some commitments that have been put in place. The most noticeable commitment would be, after you have graduated, you must be enlisted in the U.S Army for four years. Also you must graduate with a degree in some sort of degree in science (Allen, Grove). Since there is no tuitions or fees at West Point Academy, that means that no matter where you live whether it’s in-state or out of state, it sRead MoreHow A Construction Industry Has A Direct Role Of Socio Economic Development2119 Words   |  9 PagesAfghan construction industry is among success story of reconstruction process of Afghanistan that began in 2001. Afghanistan construction industry is developing and has the capacity to reach to s elf-sufficiency. Their interaction with US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) for more than 15 years familiarized them with all USACE requirements which are internationally accepted standards. Afghan firms can use these standards elsewhere in the world. The private sector has dramatically improved and if supportedRead MoreImproving The Medical Command s Acquisition Workforce Essay6208 Words   |  25 PagesTechnology Integrated Studies in Procurement and Acquisitions PROC 6000 Professor Bayless December 14, 2016 Improving the Medical Command’s Acquisition Workforce Abstract The Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) makes up 2% of the Army Acquisition Workforce of more than 37,000 acquisition professionals (Craig A. Spisak, 2016). The Army Medical Command has five acquisition career fields (ACF) that make up its workforce of acquisition professionals; program management, contracting, science and technology managersRead MoreMy Dream Of Becoming An Information Security Essay2080 Words   |  9 Pagesand large companies because networks, computers, cell phones and many other gadgets are prone to being compromised. For example, Boeing is a prestigious, global company that is one of the leading manufacturers of cyber security that offers several internship and job opportunities to undergraduates and graduates. Future graduates will be able to learn reliable information on what they need to become an information security analyst because an intensive amount of time was taken to research and find credibleRead More Career as a Military Officer Essay3869 Words   |   16 Pagesthe U.S. Armed Forces. The Army is the senior service and fight mostly on land. They had around 572,000 personnel in 1993. The Navy is seaborne the force of the U.S. Naval officers and enlisted spend long periods at sea and travel all about the world. In 1993 the Navy had about 510,000 personnel. The Air Force is the newest of the five branches and specializes in aviation and mechanical trades. Over 440,000 people were serving in the Air Force in 1993. The Marine Corps operate on both the land andRead MoreMechanical Engineering Career Paper7307 Words   |  30 Pagesroughly 6% between 2008 and 2018. As the need for better, more economical necessities, a need for mechanical engineers will always be on the uplift. Many mechanical engineers â€Å"research, design, develop, manufacture, and test tools, engines, machines, and other mechanical devices.† (Bureau, 4). This branch, within the engineering field, happens to be the broadest category. Mechanical engineers ar e seen throughout all aspects of life, from agricultural production to maintenance of engines of cars andRead MoreAssignment - Knowledge Management11898 Words   |  48 Pagesstrategies 17-41 Knowledge management and transfer strategies [strategy, definition, benefits, obstacles, when to use, and how to use] 18-20 After Action Reviews 21-22 Best Practices 23-25 Communities of Practice 26 Co-op Internships 27 Expert Interviews 28-29 Job Aids 30 Knowledge Fairs 31-32 Learning Games 33-35 Mentoring 36-37 On-the-Job Training [OJT] 38-40 Storytelling 41 Training 42-46 Addendum #1 [Using a Knowledge Loss RiskRead MoreConsumer Buying Behaviour of Magazines7993 Words   |  32 Pages[pic] Summer Internship Report ON â€Å"CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF MAGAZINES† By ASHISH KUMAR MUKHERJEE A0102109001 MBA(Entrepreneurship) Class of 2011 Under the Supervision of Under the Guidance of Dr. Vandana Mathur Mr. Sumit Bhardwaj Programme Leader Deputy Manager MBA (Entrepreneurship) Outlook (India) Pvt. Ltd. In Partial Fulfilment of Award of Master of Business Administration AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH SECTOR 125, NOIDA - 201303, UTTAR PRADESHRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagesleaven it with humility. Arrogance is one trait that the admissions staff will not appreciate. -Zachary Surak 3 STACIE HOGYA A great leader aspires to do more than simply accomplish her objective. Until I offered to lead a team of skeptical engineers and accountants to develop a marketing department, and to actively participate in business development, I did not recognize how valuable the more could be. I began the project at a disadvantage; the owners had already spent three months and $20Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesFinancial Group Priority Staffing Proctor Gamble Remington San Diego Zoological Society Sears Siemens Southwest Airlines Starbucks Sun Microsystems Target The Home Depot Transportation Safety Administration Tropicana Unilever UPS Volvo Wal-Mart Whirlpool Corp. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc. Xerox And much more! About the Authors DAVID A. DECENZO received his Ph.D. from West Virginia University. He is the president at Coastal Carolina University. His major teaching and research interests focused on the general

Who S The Real Terrorist Free Essays

In the video they make strong arguments on what errors is and who are the terrorist. The video does indeed reach its audience and provides a clear message. Ethos The Classroom debate scene doesn’t introduce anybody however it does show credibility threw out the video and uses well known actors. We will write a custom essay sample on Who S The Real Terrorist or any similar topic only for you Order Now The scene in itself shows a lot of credibility ultimately because it is set up as a classroom discussion, setting. The instructor also shows he knows what he is talking about simply because he is throwing out data with numbers. Ultimately numbers make’s anything more credible and sometimes even more believable. The student who is shown on the video who is defending the Muslims is a Hindu actor named, Ivies Oberon. While the professor is a well- known star named USAF All Kahn. The rest of the classes are random pro American actors that no one really knows. The audience will automatically agree with the famous and well-known actors. Whereas with the random students who the audience isn’t familiar with them will most likely disagree with them. For instance companies use this strategy. They use role models and well known celebrities. For example Lebanon James a well-known basketball player is sponsored by Nikkei, McDonald’s, and Coca-Cola. The Meany’s intention is target there audience and get there point across. Considering there point being that if, Lebanon James eats or wears this so should you. That’s how they attempted to manipulate there targeted audience and get their message across just like in the Exurban debate scene. This automatically gives the actors more credibility in the sense that they actually know what they’re talking about unlike the underground actors, consequently takes away their credibility. As a result the actors being used can make their argument stronger and credible. Logos The video scene begins when the teacher states that â€Å"Islam is a religion that reaches peace and tolerates† (Exurban-Classroom Debate Scene, . 32 seconds). As soon as the instructor finishes one of the students exclaims â€Å"if Islam truly is a religion that preaches peace how come they have the world’s most trouble spots like the west bank, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran there all plagued with Islamic terrorism. † (Exurban-Crisscross Debate Scene, . 37 seconds). The student uses a faulty deduction in here statement, she uses composition. She is assuming that all terrorist are Muslims by generalizing that the world most trouble spots are all thanks to Islamic terrorism. Threw UT the movie scene there is quite a lot of logical appeal. The video shows its logical appeal in various ways. They persuade the audience by exposing the United States and claiming that the US is only in the Middle East for the oil and that the Taliban was a creation of the CIA in other words it can be characterized as a lie since there really is no proof or it can also be an appeal to anonymous authority. Despite that, the video gives numbers and compare how more people die in Afghanistan bombing than in 9-1 1 . The student compares how much people have died in Afghanistan bombing being which as more than 15,000 while 9-1 1 had around 3000. The logical appeal is clearly valid and effective to the audience since they support their statements and provide information. To sum it up at the end of the video the student even ends with logical appeal by stating that just because there elites and wear a fancy suit doesn’t make them any different than other terrorist. This must have been one of the strongest logical appeal that one of the students states. It makes the audience kind of remove that blind fold that the government has had them have on. It changes the perspective and in a way makes the targeted audience open there eyes. Pathos The emotional appeal is clear throughout the video. You can see the anger in the student who argues how American’s are the real terrorist oppose to the other students who are against the Islam religion, they show an expression of being worn out of the argument. The student showing his anger convinces the audience in the way of how tired he is of Americans showing there hypocrisy on how the terrorist are Islam religion. While the student who are expressing themselves as worn out help out the argument even more by showing how he has exposed them, which truly will impact the audiences . The video ends with the pro Muslim student showing his anger. His expression makes it look like all Muslims are fed up with Americans stepping in their soil and taking advantage and just bombing there country. The student makes the argument more emotional and appealing as well as the depressing background music. Conclusion In conclusion the movie scene covered the three different rhetorical strategies by either supporting its argument or not making it weaker. The artifact does indeed reach its purpose in persuading and convincing its audience since its argument is based on facts. The video mainly mention on owe the US was bad and are terrorist and gave little information on how Muslims are also terrorist. How to cite Who S The Real Terrorist, Papers

Turbine Manufacturing Industry and Implications - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Turbine Manufacturing Industry and Implications. Answer: Introduction The main aim of this task is to explain and analyze the external environment of the China to initiate new business operations and activities. Sukin is a skincare and cosmetic company which is incorporated in Australia in 2007. The firm has decided to setup the business in China. For this purpose external environment analysis is done by the company to attain objectives and goals in this country. The paper explains that how political, social, cultural, legal and environmental factors may influence the profitability and growth of Sukin in China. Along with this, it explains that how the company can gain competitive advantages by using porter five forces analysis and porter diamond model. Additionally, here is the discussion about the various entry modes, as it also explains that which entry mode has been selected by the company. Further detail of the task has been discussed below. China is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the country is most populous country in the world. In addition, the country is one of the biggest explorers of goods and services. The country is not counted in LDC and it is not a developed country as it is a developing country who is introducing new and innovative technologies. Moreover, the country is a part of BRICS and NIC (Newly industrialized country). The major industries of China include coal, machinery, mining, transportation, petroleum, cement, textiles, automobiles, manufacturing and agriculture industry. China maintains physical diversity and it is the third biggest country after Canada and Russia in the world. Along with this, the country has enormous lakes, rivers and mountains. In this way, China is unique and strong on the basis of geographically. In 2007, Sukin was launched in Melbourne, Australia after analyzing and identifying a gap in the marketplace for high efficiency and effectiveness, environmentally sustainable and affordable natural skincare. After then, Sukin has become number one brand in the Australia. The head office of the company is located in Dandnong south, Victoria. The company utilizes a plenty of botanicals, antioxidants and essential oils to restore the natural radiance and vitality of people skin and hair. The firm is offering natural skin and beauty products in the Australia. All the skins and beauty products launched by Sukin are Australian made with ingredients that are naturally derived, vegan and cruelty free. The companys brand is loved and liked by children, men and women in all over the world. The main mission of the firm is to expand and explore the people knowledge in natural skin care, create exceptional products, educate and give back to the community across the world. The vision of Sukin is to be a most attractive and influential natural skin Care Company in the world. The core values include passion, ethics, empower, excellence and innovation which help to overcome the competitors in the global market. In todays modern world, Sukin is increasing its profits and revenue in the Australian market. There are approx 617 employees employed in Sukin. The estimated revenue of the company is approx $ 37.9M. Jurlique and Organic pharmacy are main competitors of the organization which may influence the long term growth and success of the company. Economic environment analysis of China Any economic development might have a major impact on the business activities and operations of Sukin. The GDP growth rate is 6.9% in China. The GDP per capital in the country is equivalent to 55% of the worlds average. GDP per capital in China averaged 1562.61 USD from 1960 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 6894.50 USD in 2016 and a record low of 132 USD in 1962. The average inflation rate of China is 2.13% (2018) that is higher than previous year rate. It can influence the revenue of Sukin in China. Along with this, Beijing plans to finish and complete by years end negotiations on the regional comprehensive economic partnership (RCEP), which is a trade agreement between ASEAN, New Zealand, Korea, China, Japan and India. In addition, various reforms have been initiated over the past 2 decades affected the new business activities in such country. It is noted that inflation rate and property prices are high in the country that may affect the growth of Sukin. The peoples bank of the country has increased interest rate (de Beer et al 2011). China maintains second largest economy in the world therefore; the company can take various advantages in the country. Along with this, private sector is main driver of development and growth. In 2016, the countrys economic growth slowed to a 26 year low of 6.7 %. In addition, the country maintains reciprocal relationship with its neighbor countries which could help in exploring and flourishing Sukin business in China. The country also implements market oriented reforms to increase and enhance the productivity, living standards and technological quality but not lead to adverse impact on budget, unemployment and inflation. Moreover, the high economic growth of the country will lead demand of the skincare products and services. Along with this, workforce are skilled, experienced and potentials in the country. Hence, the company can be benefited by using of talented and skilled labor force in the market. No company can survive its business in the international market without effective a nd potential employees. Additionally, labor cost is low in China as compared to other countries. The labor costs in the country increased to 104.50 index points in the fourth quarter of 2017 from 104 index points in the third quarter of 2017. Furthermore, population can also influence the profitability of Sukin Company positively. The population of the country is 137.87 crores therefore; Sukin can attract more and more customers in the marketplace. For this purpose, Sukin needs to analyze and identify the needs, requirements and desires of the Chinese people to introduce new and innovative skincare products.GDP based on purchasing power parity was 23,122,.03 billion international dollars in 2017. Purchasing power of consumers also influences the sale of the skincare products in the global market. Now it shall be noted that the firm should focus on economic factors to overcome the competitors in Chinese market as it also help to maximize the profitability of the company (Otmazgin 201 3) Social-cultural environment of the China The social cultural factors play a significant role in the china to attract more and more companies in the market place due to constantly demographics change. The demographics changes also affect the tastes, preferences and choices of the customers (Ragnedda and Glenn 2013). The social cultural factors include custom, values, belief, loyalty and morale of the people that have direct impact on the choices and requirements of the customers. The social behavior and family size generally impact that how and why decisions are taken in the marketplace (Cooley 2017). Some other social factors include education, religion, lifestyle, emigration that may affect the progress of the firm positively as well as negatively. China is a collectivistic society based on the Greet Hostede value dimensions. The literacy rate is over 90% in china, it means the country emphasizes on education and majority of the nation are literate. Along with this, China is the biggest country for cosmetic players due to highest population. Sukin can seek various opportunities in Chinese market by analyzing and evaluating the trends and lifestyle of the people. Moreover, gender imbalance also influences the revenue and returns of the company. One child policy has been implemented in the country which may have direct impact on the productivity of the firm. There is discrimination between male and female therefore, it can arise various difficulties in the marketplace (Li, Hiroshi and Terry 2013). Apart from this, income inequality is also appearing and growing in the country. Due to income inequality, the country has not been able to maintain good relationship with some other countries. Due to gender inequality, the country does not involve womens in decision making process. Thus, the company is unable to know and understand the ideas and opinion of womens. Additionally, language and communication barriers also are existed in the Chinese market because Chinese speak their own language in the global ma rket. If Sukin wants to start new business activities and operation in China, it needs to measure and understand the communication system and language of the country (Cao and Daniele 2013). Along with this, there are various issues raised in the China in terms of Hofstedes cultural dimensions. Lets talk about the power distance, power distance is 80 in China it means there is culture inequalities in the country. There is a difference between wealthy and poor that could affect the progress of Sukin negatively. Apart from this, the country maintains low individualism; it means Chinese people like to work in the groups rather than the individual. There are dependent on the groups and they do not prefer to act as individualism. In addition, China surpassed the number of males over the females. It means Chinese do not give importance to womens. On the other hand, China has a low score on uncertainty avoidance; it has ranked 30 in uncertainty avoidance (Laruelle and Sbastien 2012). The Chinese people show their emotions and nervousness to other people and there are strict rules, religious and legal laws to keep out uncertainties. Moreover, Chinese are high in long term orient ation at 118, it means they focus on persistence and long term success. However, it seems that long term orientation is time consuming process and the people are unable to focus on the short term goals. Thus, it can influence the growth and progress of Sukin Company adversely. Apart from this, China is a multi religious country including Islam, Buddhism, Taoism and Protestantism. The religious activities are protected by the constitution. It is noted that Chinas luxury market is optimistic due to its female population aged 16 to 45. Sukin needs to monitor and analyze the socio-cultural factors of the country to attain long term mission and vision (Guthrie 2012). Political and legal environment of the China Currently, China government is ongoing to promote and encourage rule of law. After the Cultural Revolution, a legal system of revolutionary and official authority has implemented in the country (Yabuki 2018). In addition, legal framework for e-commerce is still in its early stage which influences the success of Sukin. It is noted that approx 90% of China high end cosmetic products are foreign brands and mainly imported from Japan and Europe (Heggelund 2017). In today era, most of the brands are presented in the Chinese market (Kwong 2015). Since a long time, it has been observed that the process of importing increases the challenge and issue for the cosmetic and skin care companies including various difficulties such as custom duty and tax treatment (Zhong 2015). Apart from this, progressive taxation system is followed by the country whereas the tax rate for freelancers income progresses in three levels from 20% to 40% and the tax rate for the regular workers in seven levels from 3% to 45%. The political system affects the activities and operations of the organization positively and negatively as well because the company will have to follow rules and legislation of the China. Sometimes, it becomes very difficult for the country to follow rules and legislation of foreign country (Zhong 2015). On the other hand, the country has set up a relative complete law system to encourage and motivate foreign companies to invest in China. The main basic laws and legislations include three common laws including the law on chine foreign contractual joint ventures, the law on Chinese foreign equity joint ventures and the law on wholly foreign owned enterprises (Gillespie and Liesl Riddle 2015). Recently, the government of the country is considering its existing laws and statutes in accordance with the model of the world trade organization. Moreover, tax law is one of the significant issues in front of Sukin while initiating business activities in the China (Day 2016). The company needs to understand the tax laws and legislations that have direct impact on the business activities and operations. On the other hand, it is noted that the China is well known and reputed for attractive incentives package in Asia (Wang 2011). The tax incentives and other benefits are provided by the country fo r the promotion of investment. If the company wants to set up skincare business in the country, Sukin has to take approval from the government (Axelrod and Stacy 2014). Additionally, socialist rule of law is followed by the country. The legal system of country is based on the model of civil law. Intellectual property issues also influence the growth rate of Sukin in various ways. China still does have a problem and issue with corruption and that needs to be considered while initiating business in China. It is dependent on the patent holders to defend their products against illegal generic manufacturers that are very complex process (Pound and Marshall 2017) Competitive analysis of the country Sukin Company can use the porters diamond model to analyze and measure the competitive benefits in the international market. The company believes that porter diamond model plays a significant role in the generating of various benefits in the global market (Huggins and Hiro Izushi 2011). The porter diamond model includes the following: Factor condition: It is a situation related to the production elements such as infrastructure and knowledge. Under this factor, the company focuses on the various factors such as human resources, labor, costs, commitment, qualification of the workers, and infrastructure. These factors help in creating competitive position in the international market. Related and supporting industries: The success of the skincare company depends on the presence of the suppliers and related industries within a region. It will help in maintaining good and effective relationship with neighbor countries. The competitive suppliers also reinforce internationalization and innovation. Besides suppliers, Sukin also focuses on the organizations that are operating and managing same business activities in China. It will help to know and analyze the plans, policies and strategies of the competitors to attain rivalry benefits in the foreign market. Along with this, Sukin is also able to differentiate its products from the competitors products and services. Home demand conditions: Under this stage, size and nature of the market can be analyzed by the company to achieved goals and objectives. Interaction between economies of scale and size of the market are existed in the market. If Sukin can realize sufficient economies of scale, this will help to provide several advantages to serve the market from a single location. Under this stage, demand of the market and choices of the customers can be evaluated by the firm to build a good image in the foreign market. Strategy, structure and rivalry: This element is related to the way in which Sukin is managed and organized, its corporate objectives and goals and measures the competitors within the organization. Along with this, the company is focuses on the conditions of the China to determine and evaluate the place to starts new activities and operations. Culture plays a significant role to make unique strategies and policies within the organization. It also helps in understanding and knowing the religion and language of other country in which the company wants to start new business. In this way, this factor provides advantages and disadvantages as well in foreign country (Zhang, Sufang 2012). Government: The government plays an empirical role in encouraging and inspiring the development of industries and companies in home country as well as foreign country. The government allows the companies to initiate business activities in foreign country. If Sukin wants to set up new business in China, it needs to take prior approval from the government because government helps to provide finance and other facilities to the firm (Chang 2013). Opportunities: This factor plays a powerful role in porter diamond model because it helps to provide enormous opportunities to Sukin in China. Various opportunities are taken by the company while implementing new operations in such country. Along with this, unique strategies and policies are made by the firm to beat the competitors in the international market. In this way, it is assumed that porter diamond model provides various competitive benefits to Sukin in China. It helps to evaluate and analyze the plans of the rivalry in the global market. Furthermore, it makes easy market entry for the firm in the universal market. By using this, the firm has been able to build and develop strong relationship with competitors (Shambaugh 2013). Porter five forces model The porter five forces model is propounded by Porter to analyze and identify internal and external factors which influence the competitiveness of a product and industry. As the same way, Sukin also use this model to evaluate the competitive advantages in the Chinese market (Yunna and Yang 2014). The porter five forces analysis has been detailed below. Threat of new entry: The cosmetic company has a low threat of new entrants in the country. This is due to several factors such as high cost of market entry. Along with this, lot of resources is required to enter in the foreign market. There are some cosmetic companies already existed in the china such as Dior, LANCOME and Guerlain which can influence the operations of Sukin. In this way, Sukin needs to focus on the existed rivalries which may affect the outcomes and results of the organization. Bargaining power of customers: The cosmetic company has a high bargaining power of customers. This is possible because cosmetic products are available in every country. High and immense competition also exists in the Chinese market. Along with this, firm makes substitutes products to reduce the prices of the products and services. Bargaining power of customers is a biggest challenge in front of manufacturer across the world. Bargaining power of suppliers: Sukin has a low bargaining power of suppliers in China. It can be possible due to the high number of market leaders are existed in Chinese market. Suppliers supply diverse products in the marketplace. Due to the large supply, customers have the power to affect the market prices as opposed to the vendors (El Namaki 2012). Threats of substitutes: In the skincare and cosmetic industry, there are various rivalries presented in the global market. It is seen that threat of substitute is high in cosmetic company. The cosmetic companies sell their products at higher prices or if the products are of low quality then the consumers prefer to buy the substitutes products in the marketplace. It influences the sales and profitability of the firm. Barriers to entry exist: High cost is comprised with developing cosmetic products, as it is complex for Sukin to leave the industry without attaining the costs for production. Therefore, various factors influence the position of the firm. In this way, it is observed that porter five forces model renders enormous benefits to the company (Liu, Zhang Xu C). SWOT analysis SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities which have been stated below Lu, (Weisheng, Roger and Carol 2013). Strengths Weaknesses Quality of products is one of the biggest strength for Sukin Company. Offering the products at an affordable price. It offers attractive and unique product in the market. Brand portfolio is one of the significant strengths of the firm. Widespread distribution is possible in cosmetic company. Weak delivery system can be considered as one of the weakness of the firm. Unskilled staff and delivery officers can also be counted under the list of weakness. Opportunities Threats Diversification in the products range can be one of the biggest opportunities for the business corporation. Establishing the products to new market regions. Adoption of open communication system and contemporary distribution mechanisms. Intensification in competitive environment. Changing marketing trends and consumer behaviors will be one of the biggest threats for business organization.The top three strengths include followings: Widespread distribution can be possible. It offers beauty and attractive products to people. Brand portfolio is significant strength of the company. Entry modes There are various entry modes to enter in the foreign market such as exporting, joint venture, outsourcing, and franchising, strategic alliance, contract manufacturing and foreign direct investment. Contract manufacturing is one of the significant entry modes to enter in the foreign market for cosmetic company. Under contract manufacturing, a foreign firm hires and appoints local manufacturers to produce and manufacture their products and services, it is called contract manufacturing. This method utilizes the skills and talents of a local manufacturer and help in reducing cost of production (Scuttari 2014). The marketing and selling of the cosmetic product is the responsibility of the international company. Sukin can use this method to enter in the Chinese market because it is suitable method for the organization. It helps in reducing the production cost and develops the small and medium industries in the global market. Under this method, the company needs to hires local manufacturer s to introduce new products in the foreign market. It also helps in improving and enhancing the skills and knowledge of Chinese people (Terpstra, James and Ravi 2012). Conclusion On the above mentioned study, it can be concluded that Sukin is the biggest skincare and cosmetic company in Australia. The firm offers enormous beauty and skincare products to the men, women and children across the world. The organization wants to enter in the Chinese market to maximize the profitability. Along with this, the paper explains that how macro environment factors affect the success and growth of Sukin in china. Pestle analysis and SWOT analysis is done by the company to analyze and evaluate the risks and challenges of the market. In addition, the firm uses porter five forces model and porter diamond model to gain competitive benefits in the Chinese market. On the other hand, market entry modes also have been explained in the tasks. Contract manufacturing entry mode is used by Sukin Company to avert the production cost and maximize the revenue. By using this method, the company can easily enter in the international market. References Axelrod, Regina S., and Stacy D. VanDeveer, eds. The global environment: institutions, law, and policy. CQ Press, (2014). Cao, Lanlan, and Daniele Pederzoli. "International retailers' strategic responses to institutional environment of emerging market: Multiple case studies in China." International Journal of Retail Distribution Management 41, no. 4 (2013): 289-310. Chang, Sea-Jin. Multinational firms in China: Entry strategies, competition, and firm performance. OUP Oxford, (2013). Cooley, Charles Horton. Human nature and the social order. Routledge, (2017). Day, Kristen A. China's environment and the challenge of sustainable development. Routledge, (2016). De Beer, K. A., M. Holtzhausen, R. Steenkamp, S. Rudan sky Kloppers, C. Nieuwenhuizen, and M. Kara. Principles of business management. Edited by Johan Wilhelm Strydom. Cape Town: Oxford University Press, (2011). El Namaki, M. S. S. "Does the thinking of yesterdays management Gurus imperil todays companies?." Ivey Business Journal 76, no. 2 (2012): 10-13. Gillespie, Kate, and Liesl Riddle. Global marketing. Routledge, (2015). Guthrie, Doug. China and globalization: The social, economic and political transformation of Chinese society. Routledge, (2012). Heggelund, Grild. Environment and resettlement politics in China: the Three Gorges Project. Taylor Francis, (2017). Huggins, Robert, and Hiro Izushi, eds. Competition, competitive advantage, and clusters: The ideas of Michael Porter. Oxford University Press, (2011). Kwong, Julia. The political economy of corruption in China. Routledge, 2015. Laruelle, Marlne, and Sbastien Peyrouse. The Chinese question in Central Asia: Domestic order, social change, and the Chinese factor. Vol. 29. New York: Columbia University Press, (2012). Li, Shi, Hiroshi Sato, and Terry Sicular, eds. Rising inequality in China: Challenges to a harmonious society. Cambridge University Press, (2013). Liu. Y., Zhang. Y Xu . C. Analysis of the international competitiveness of Chinese medicine industry based on the diamond model. International business research, vol 3(3)., (2010) Lu, Weisheng, Kunhui Ye, Roger Flanagan, and Carol Jewell. "Developing construction professional services in the international market: SWOT analysis of China." Journal of management in engineering 29, no. 3 (2013): 302-313. Otmazgin, Nissim Kadosh. Regionalizing culture: The political economy of Japanese popular culture in Asia. University of Hawai'i Press, (2013). Pound, Roscoe, and Marshall L. DeRosa. An introduction to the philosophy of law. Routledge, (2017). Ragnedda, Massimo, and Glenn W. Muschert, eds. The digital divide: The Internet and social inequality in international perspective. Vol. 73. Routledge, (2013). Sakamoto, Kazutami, Robert Lochhead, Howard Maibach, and Yuji Yamashita, eds.Cosmetic Science and Technology: Theoretical Principles and Applications. Elsevier, (2017). Scuttari, Francesca. "The determinants that influence entry mode decisions of Italian companies in China." (2014). Shambaugh, David L. China goes global: The partial power. Vol. 111. Oxford: Oxford University Press, (2013). Terpstra, Vern, James Foley, and Ravi Sarathy. International marketing. Naper Press, (2012). Wang, Jin. The end of the revolution: China and the limits of modernity. Vol. 40, no. 5. Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, (2011). Yabuki, Susumu. China's New Political Economy: Revised Edition. Routledge, (2018). Yunna, Wu, and Yang Yisheng. "The competition situation analysis of shale gas industry in China: Applying Porters five forces and scenario model." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 40 (2014): 798-805. Zhang, Sufang. "International competitiveness of China's wind turbine manufacturing industry and implications for future development." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, no. 6 (2012): 3903-3909. Zhong, Yang. Local Government and Politics in China: Challenges from below: Challenges from below. Routledge, (2015).

Graham Greene the Invisible Japanese Gentlemen free essay sample

What do you think about the comments made by the author in the story? The author made several comments about how naive upper class people can be in some aspects, especially the young woman who believed in everything her publisher told her and she would become a novelists. On the other hand, his comments were the main trend of the story without it would be difficult to understand the relation between the Japanese gentlemen and the girl with her fiance. They come from different cultures and speak different languages. Although it is not clear what the Japanese were talking they seemed relaxed and enjoying that moment in the restaurant. However, the couple was kind of discussing about marriage, dates, what she would write for her next novel and he was talking about how his uncle offered him a job with him. No matter the topic, the situation was delicate because of the topics they were discussing. We will write a custom essay sample on Graham Greene: the Invisible Japanese Gentlemen or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But, what the author remarked the most was how the young woman truly believed she was a writer and that her novel â€Å"The Chelsea Set† would a success just because her publisher told her so. . What role does the author play in the story? How do the observations made by the author influence the story? The reader? The characters? His observations help the reader to understand a bit better the different events that are happening in the restaurant. He also interpreted and described the conversations and actions that occurred in the place. His comments gave life to the characters and made the reader more aware of the conversation between the couple and what the Japanese were doing. 4. What role do the Japanese Gentlemen play in the story? They are contrasts. The author was sit right in the middle of the two tables. Therefore, he could compare what each table was doing, how their behavior was and what their goals were. Although the Japanese gentlemen were speaking about goals, they seemed to have a great time, but the couple was talking about weeding dates, dreams and ideas for another book. Also, the Japanese people behaved in a more relaxed way than the other table where everyone seemed very â€Å"polite†. The story contains 10 different characters: A group of eight Japanese gentlemen: Most of them wore glasses and most of the time they were smiling. They talked in a not very understandable language. A beautiful young lady: Blonde hair and pretty girl. She had thin features and a gorgeous face. She looked very sophisticated. And her fiance: He looked very handsome too. He was very similar to her fiance, he looked from the high socialite. The author of this short story made a wonderful description of each of the characters. Physically he is in the setting of the story, sitting in a different table, worried about this particular couple which called him attention. He is looking both tables but he really got interested with the one where the couple was sitting. The observations that are made by the author of the story makes us, as readers more conscious about what is going on with the couple. We can indentify their worries, specially the ones of the girl, about her future as a writer and also her concernes about the wedding and their future as a couple. The Japanese Gentlemen are in the begining a distractor but then we can realized that are fundamental in this short story. They try to show us an important characteristic of the girl? s personality. Even though at the begining of the story she seemed intelligent and a good writer, aftewards we can say that she is not a good writer because she is not a good observer. She is just a girl who is worried about her future and her career but she does not seem like a real writer because she does not have the power to look beyond things. That is why the story is called â€Å"The invisible Japanese Gentlemen† because through her eyes Japanese Gentlemen were nobody they were almost invisible. She was so concerned about her own superficial worries that she left the restaurant and she did not have a look at them. I think that a writer must be critical and look beyond things. They have to have the power of interpreting things that no-one are able to identify, they must open a door to make us critical and have our own critical thinking about a certain topic. This girl does not have any of those characteristics, she is not a good writer because she is very superficial and also very egocentric. The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen  is a short story written by  Graham Greene  in 1965. [edit]Plot The story takes place in Bentleys, a restaurant in  London  (perhaps the same as the current  Bentleys, 11-15 Swallow Street). The narrator is sitting at a table, alone, and observes a group of eight Japanese gentlemen having dinner together, and beyond them a young British couple. The Japanese speak quietly and politely to each other, always smiling and bowing, toasting each other and making speeches in Japanese which the narrator doesnt understand and describes in patronizing, derogatory terms. Seven of the Japanese gentlemen wear glasses. They eat fish and later a fruit salad for dessert. They provide a mildly farcical and carnivalesque background to the main focus of the narrators attention, the couple. Although they sit farthest away, the narrator catches their conversation. The pretty young woman is a writer, about to be published for the first time. Shes describing her plans to her fiance, how Mr. Dwight, her publisher, lauds her talent, and how she wants to travel the world, especially to France, so as to feed her inspiration. She also wants to marry her young fiance the following week, being convinced that their financial future is settled thanks to the inevitable success of her first book,  The Chelsea Set. Her fiance is much more cautious and doubts that they should rely exclusively on the young womans professional prospects and talent. His uncle could help him get into the wine trading business, a duller, but also safer life choice than to be the husband of a traveling author. The young woman, aggressively self assertive and bossy, is angry at her fiance for being lukewarm about her projects. She, on the other hand, has no doubts about her powers of observation and her future success. Throughout the story, the narrator, who, the reader gathers, is himself a writer, makes sarcastic or cynical comments about the young womans ambition and youthful enthusiasm. He sounds embittered, being probably in his forties or fifties, and certainly past his days of glory. He knows about the publishing business and is aware of the gap between a young authors expectations and the harsher, down-to-earth realities of a literary career. He is both jealous of the girl, because she is at the beginning of something and still has the ability to dream her future, and sympathetic, because shes young enough to be his daughter and he would like to communicate his experience to her so as to preserve her from disappointments. She is, after all, only a superficial, self-deluded arriviste. Lastly, the Japanese gentlemens presence, and the elaborate formality with which they communicate with one another and celebrate, contrasts sharply with the ferocious discursive dispute that opposes the young woman and her fiance, and which she wins, at least rhetorically but fails to fulfill her supposed powers of observation by failing to notice the presence of the japanese gentlemen as her fiance does. Summary In the Story  Invisible Japanese Gentlemen  ,  a girl is in a restaurant in London and she is talking to her fiance. As she sits talking to him, she every once and a while look over at a table of Japanese men eating. The narrator sits at a table between the girl and the Japanese men. As he over hears there talking, He learns that the girl is a writer and is about to get her first book published. Her publisher has told her good things and promises her a good sell. Her husband is not so sure and trys to tell her not to get her hopes up and plan to far ahead. The Japanese men then get up and leave. The girls fiance then says† i wonder what all these Japanese are doing here? † She then answers back,† What japanese, darling. † Critique: There are many elements in this short story that make it modern. The first element of modernism is  the stories Resistance to traditional form. This is shown in the Story because there is usually a clear beginning, middle, and end. In the Invisible Japanese Gentlemen there is no end, In some cases this is called acliff hanger. But, this is not the case, the story is not suspenseful and is not preparing for a sequel. Since the story ends ebruptly, and does not give any solution to the problems it is a modern story. Another modern element shown in the story is shift of focus,   during the story there are three sets of characters described and there is   a shift between which one is important. It could have been either the Japanese men,   The girl and her Finance, or the narrator himself. This shift between the characters is another example of modernism. Technique over content is also show by how the author builds up to were the story stops. During the story the girl looks over toward the table of the Japanese men but then at the end, she does not know that they are even there, and can not see them. The narrator sitting between to two groups of interest is also gives the story a modern aspect. In most traditional stories the narrator of a story is not placed in the middle, unless he is an important character. The invisible Japanese gentlemen by Graham Greene In the story of Graham Greene, the attitude of the girl is quite normal. When you are in a Restaurant people are often interested in their conversation and not what happened surround them. Probably, what you can do is to see who is in the tables next to you, the number of guests, their nationality, if they are two gi rls or two boys, a family, etc. The fact to see people from other countries, most of the time is interesting for us. Probably, it could be the reason of the author to focus on their conversation instead of his own. In the story Greene, show us a girl a little bit superficial and concentrated only in what she is talking and what she wants, to get married with the man. Most of the time the girl is presented foolish because she speaks to the man without realized he is not concentrated in their conversation. The man is aware of the Japanese that are in the table next to them. They seem to be elegant, intelligent and talkative. Inclusively they should seem to have a lot of notoriety in the place because of the way in which the author places his attention in them was amazing. It was like a treasure which one the author did not want to loose the footprints. The title of the story suits perfectly with what it contains. Even though the man was out of the group of Japanese, he was as an invisible guest looking from the other side of the place. The only think that he could not do was to interfere in their conversation. The title as the complete story are appealing and motivating but at the same time it gives you a real perspective of what can happened in a restaurant. Graham Greene (1904-1991). a prolific English novelist, playwright, short story writer and critic whose works explore the ambiguities of modern man and ambivalent moral or political issues in a contemporary setting. His religion informs most of his novels, and many of his best works are explicitly Roman Catholic in content and preoccupations. Greenes novels are written in a contemporary, realistic style, often featuring characters troubled by self-doubt and living in seedy or rootless circumstances. The doubts were often of a religious nature, echoing the authors ambiguous attitude to Catholicism. Throughout his life, Greene was obsessed with travelling far from his native England, to what he called the wild and remote places of the world. His travels provided him with opportunities to engage in espionage on behalf of the United Kingdom (Greene had been recruited to MI6 by the notorious double agent Kim Philby). Many of his books have been filmed, most notably 1947s Brighton Rock, and he also wrote several original screenplays, most famously for the film The Third Man. Characterisation protagonists: a young woman who writes novels her fiance who is a wine-merchant minor characters: eight Japanese gentlemen middle-aged waitress indirect: publisher Mr. Dwight first-person narrator. Whenever we have a first-person narrator we need to ask ourselves if he can be trusted. Is he biased? Can he know everything he tells us? In this story we have a first-person narrator who is not a direct participant in the story. On top of that, the narrator is an author – someone who makes up stories for a living. That should make us extra suspicious. How much of what we are told about the couple could the narrator really know, and how much is pure guess-work? Compare the narrator’s powers of observation with those of the young woman. Setting: Where? Bentley’s, expensive fish restaurant in London’s West End When? in the 50’s/60’s during a meal (the story was first published in 1965) Plot The young woman and her fiance sit in a restaurant discussing their forthcoming wedding. She is also talking about her first novel which is called The Chelsea Set. Because of her second novel she thinks about moving to St. Tropez. Her fiance questions their wedding. He has the opportunity to work for his uncle. Therefore he doesn’t want to move to France. Having finished their meal the man asks his fiancee if she has seen the eight Japanese gentlemen, but she’s so self-centered that she didn’t recognise them. Some thoughts The female protagonist is a young woman who has just written her first novel. She is very ambitious and is always trying to please her publisher called Mr Dwight. In order to be successful she changes the title of her book in accordance to her publisher’s wishes. She probably belongs to the upper classes which becomes obvious in the way she speaks. She is very self- centred, talking all the time about her problems without listening to her fiance. She is oblivious to his feelings. The eight Japanese gentleman don’t fit into her picture of an idealistic world. Even though they look very different and behave in a noisy way she doesn’t notice them because she is so self-centred. The narrator actively takes part in the story. He is sitting across the room from the young novelist and her fiance and listens to their conversation. His powers of observation are put in stark contrast to those of the girl (his are infinitely greater). The point of view of this story is third-person. The narrator is an unnamed man who decides to have lunch at Bentleys, a restaurant in London, which answers your question about the setting. One of the themes of this story is lack of observation. The young woman is excited about having her first novel published and is especially pleased that her published praised her powers of observation. However, when her fiance mentions the Japanese men who were seated near them, she admits that she never even noticed they were there. Another theme might be called the wisdom of age versus the naivete of youth. The narrator himself is an author, and as he listens to the woman go on and on about how successful she knows she will be, he cant help think ing how naive she is. Getting one novel published does not make someone a best-selling author. She has already spent her royalties in her imagination, but what if the book doesnt sell? Shed do better to let her fiance take the job with his uncle than to dream of a rich life in St. Tropez. â€Å"The Invisible Japanese Gentleman† I chose The Invisible Japanese Gentlemen, by Graham Greene for my first critique. This story follows the conversation of a young couple in a sort of restaurant, called Bentley’s. The young woman was beautiful, and wanted to become a novelist. She had written a novel, entitled, The Chelsea Set, already in the publication process, and deeply desired marriage to her lover, because she had gotten an advance of 500 pounds. He, on the other hand, was very reluctant. This story appears to be about opinions, and how they influence us, and change over time. The girl wants her fiance to marry her right away, because now they have the money to. However, the young man does not appear thrilled with the idea, and begins the speak. â€Å"My mother says that writing is a good crutch †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Giving the opinions of his mother as a reason not to be a novelist. The narrator also forms opinions throughout the entire essay. He first thinks of them as nearly the same, resembled each other physically. The narrator then decides the man should have been, â€Å"a young officer in Nelson’s navy †¦Ã¢â‚¬  He believes also that she deserves much more than to just be a novelist. The narrator decides the man does not have, â€Å"the Nelson touch,† Mr. Dwight the publisher thinks the name of the novel should be changed, the girl thinks she should keep her publisher happy, and that they should spend time in St. Tropez, while the young man thinks they should stay in London. These are all various opinions given in the story, and many are subject to change, just as the narrator’s opinion of the young man’s character changed throughout the story. This story contains elements of modernism throughout. There is a shift in focus in the beginning of the story, first your attention is set on the eight Japanese men. Even the title suggests this story is about those men. However, after hearing a bit about the men and their behaviour, the attention switches to the young couple. Greene occsionally directs your attention back to the Japanese men, and even to the narrator himself, using the young girl as a vehicle for this. There is a bit of a resistance to traditional form here as well, because the title does not reflect the main idea of the story.

The Study of Suicide by Emile Durkheim

The Study of Suicide by Emile Durkheim Le Suicide  by founding sociologist Émile Durkheim is a classic text in sociology that is widely taught to psychology students. Published in 1897, the book was the first to present a sociological study of suicide, and its conclusion that suicide can have origins in social causes rather than just being due to individual temperament, was groundbreaking at the time. Key Takeaways: Social Integration and Suicide Durkheim concluded that the more socially integrate and connected a person is, the less likely he or she is to commit suicide. As social integration decreases, people are more likely to commit suicide. Overview of Durkheim's Text Suicide offers an examination of how suicide rates at the time differed by religion. Specifically, Durkheim analyzed differences between Protestants and Catholics. He found a lower rate of suicide among Catholics and theorized that this was due to stronger forms of social control and cohesion among them than among Protestants. Demographics of Suicide: Study Findings Additionally, Durkheim found that suicide was less common among women than men, more common among single people than among those who are romantically partnered, and less common among those who have children. Further, he found that soldiers commit suicide more often than civilians and that curiously, rates of suicide are higher during peacetime than they are during wars. Correlation vs. Causation: Suicides Driving Forces Based on his gleanings from data, Durkheim argued that suicide can be a result not only of psychological or emotional factors but of social factors as well. Durkheim reasoned that social integration, in particular, is a factor. The more socially integrated a person is- connected to society, possessing of a feeling of general belonging and a sense that life makes sense within the social context- the less likely he or she is to commit suicide. As social integration decreases, people are more likely to commit suicide. Durkheims Typology of Suicide Durkheim developed a theoretical typology of suicide to explain the differing effects of social factors and how they might lead to suicide: Anomic suicide is an extreme response by a person who experiences anomie,  a sense of disconnection from society and a feeling of not belonging resulting from weakened social cohesion. Anomie occurs during periods of serious social, economic, or political upheaval, which result in quick and extreme changes to society and everyday life. In such circumstances, a person might feel so confused and disconnected that they choose to commit suicide.​Altruistic suicide is often a result of excessive regulation of individuals by social forces such that a person may be moved to kill themselves for the benefit of a cause or for society at large. An example is someone who commits suicide for the sake of a religious or political cause, such as the infamous Japanese Kamikaze pilots of World War II, or the hijackers that crashed the airplanes into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania in 2001. In such social circumstances, people are so strongly integrated into s ocial expectations and society itself that they will kill themselves in an effort to achieve collective goals. Egoistic suicide  is a profound response executed by people who feel totally detached from society. Ordinarily, people are integrated into society by work roles, ties to family and community, and other social bonds. When these bonds are weakened through retirement or loss of family and friends, the likelihood of egoistic suicide increases. Elderly people, who suffer these losses most profoundly, are highly susceptible to egoistic suicide.Fatalistic suicide  occurs under conditions of extreme social regulation resulting in oppressive conditions and a denial of the self and of agency. In such a situation a person may elect to die rather than continue enduring the oppressive conditions, such as the case of suicide among prisoners.

MANAGING THE ORGANIZATION'S STRUCTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MANAGING THE ORGANIZATION'S STRUCTURE - Essay Example ops a working environment that guarantees the trust and respect for employees by allowing them to make fundamental contribution to organizational goals and objectives (Dammen, 2001). Organizational structure also influences how organizational members perform, communicate, decide, and coordinate their affairs. An effective organizational structure enables the employees to show the management how they can utilize their creativity and teamwork, which enhances productivity (Dammen, 2001). Organization’s structure affects the well-being of its members and influences the members’ behaviors since it can relieve mental stress and limit increased absenteeism. Indeed, literature confirms that â€Å"organizational structure is an extrinsic factor, which influences people’s behaviour from the outside, through formal limitations set by division of labor, authority distribution, grouping of units, and coordination† (Janićijević, 2013, p. 36). Through successful organizational designs, organizations gain the capacity to compete in the global arena where they define the roles and stipulate the relationships between members of the organization with an aim of guaranteeing effectiveness and efficiency. Organizations achieve this by influencing organizational behaviors as depicted by the managers and employees. Successful organization designs reduce ambiguity for employees leading to certain and effective behaviors. Moreover, organization designs influence the employees’ job satisfaction, performance, job involvement, absenteeism, preferences, and cultural norms. Organizational design defines the division of labor, coordination, grouping, and authority distribution in an organization, which influencing organizational behaviors. For example, functional organizational design subdivides work into specific areas of specialization, which may lead to boredom as members become tired of doing the same thing for long. The matrix structure also influences organizational behaviors

Advertising and Trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Advertising and Trust - Essay Example Competition at the market level is the core reason for the evolution of advertising. The companies or organizations advertise to create publicity of their services and products; hence, allowing them to reach the consumers or clients. Consequently, through the many people the advert reaches the products and services of the given company or organization get market, hence making profit (Green, p 56, 2012). Competitive advantage is key in success in the industry, a factor that most organizations and companies in the market seek to achieve. Thus, the subject of advert allows the given companies the platform and channel to reach the intended buyers and convince them accordingly, they ought to purchase such products (Green, p 34, 2012). Advertising in its entirety is about selling. The nature of advertising is such that it is neither neutral nor objective. However, it follows through its case by pleading its strongest and most persuasive means to inform, entertain and sell. In some instance s, where designated, it also does inspire (Waiguny, Nelson & Terlutter, p 255, 2014). Therefore, since advertising aims at the core objective of selling, then persuasion is the channel and means of how to get selling. Notably, consumers are also remarkably intelligent beings and as such, some illogical and irrational promises and ideas propagated in adverts, which they can easily through do not persuade them. It is evident that from past establishments, about 85% of all new products launched into the market do fail (Waiguny, Nelson & Terlutter, p 256, 2014). Moreover, the smart marketers have the utmost respect of the consumers. For instance, the smart marketers through their strategic approaches deliver the product of good quality and apply honest means of advertising. Observing from this forgoing evidence, it is notable the sense of how difficult it is for the advertising to persuade the intended consumer or customer.  

Apply the SPSS in the department of academic accreditation of graduate Assignment

Apply the SPSS in the department of academic accreditation of graduate certificates from the International Schools, Colleges and Universities - Assignment Example Over time, the definition of quality has transformed with changing perceptions among customers. Presently, in many organizations quality is defined as understanding, meeting, and surpassing customer needs and expectations (Besterfield, 2009). According to Montgomery (2005), quality is now one of the most important factors in selection of goods and services. Statistical tools are very important in quality management, they allow measurement and evaluation of performance in an organization and they are therefore regularly applied in decision support (Karuppusami and Gandhinathan, 2006). Total Quality Management tools and techniques are categorized into quantitative and non-quantitative, the quantitative tools generally consist of what is called statistical process control (SPC). SPC comprises of a number of statistical tools, usually seven, including Histograms, Pareto Charts, Process Flow Diagrams, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams, Check Sheets and Effect Diagrams (Karuppusami and Gandhinathan, 2006). This report applies basic statistical tools of quality control in assessing the benefits of academic accreditation of graduate certificates from international schools, colleges and universities by the ministry of higher education in the Sultanate of Oman. Four main SPC tools are utilized including histograms, Pareto diagrams, scatter diagra ms, and control charts. The main objective of the report is to utilize SPC tools in assessing the efficiency of the accreditation process with the aim of improving it to meet or exceed customer needs. Histograms are special bar charts that are used to measure the frequency of occurrences (Goestch, 2005). The only difference between a bar chart and histogram is that the X-axis in a bar chart lists categories while in a Histogram it consists of a measurement scale with no gaps between the adjacent bars. Pareto diagrams

Richard Branson Management Analysis

Richard Branson Management Analysis Virgin is a company established in 1970 by Richard Branson as a mail order company for sale of records. The company name Virgin was suggested by an associate of Mr Branson and was adopted as proclaiming their commercial innocence, while possessing some novelty and modest shock-value (Grant, 2010:808). Over the years, the company has grown rapidly and became a leading branded venture which diversified into other businesses. Today, Virgin is widely recognised and has become one of the most respected brands owing to successfully grown businesses in areas such as the airline industry, telecom, financial services, music etc. So far, the company has more than 200 individual companies or ventures which are owned and controlled by 20 holding companies that operate under one umbrella Virgin. Most of these companies own assets, employ people, offer goods and services (Grant, 2010:816). Even though all Virgin companies and ventures are separate entities, each is empowered to run its own affair s. They share common resources and capabilities that link them. Grant (2010) noted that the principal commonalities between this diverse range of enterprises are, the Virgin brand, and the role of Richard Branson as their instigator and major investor which is discussed below. Resources and capabilities defined by Grant (2010) are productive assets owned by a company and what the company can do. Resources are not productive in themselves they need to be converted into capabilities by being managed and co-ordinated (openlearn.open.ac.uk). For a company to gain competitive advantage, the company requires to focus on key strengths in resources and capabilities and ensure both work together instead of in isolation. In the case of the Virgin Group, one major resource is its founder Branson, who founded the company in 1970. His strong leadership is vital to developing new capabilities for Virgin. As noted by Grant (2010), his strength as a businessman was in conceiving and implementing new business ideas. Richard Branson is not only the founder, he is also an instigator and major investor in the company. His enthusiasm and devotion for business led him to establish a series of other Virgin companies such as Virgin Records, Virgin Airline, Virgin Rail, Virgin C ola etc. He is famous worldwide, his leadership of the Virgin Group extended beyond his role as a source of entrepreneurial ideas. As creator of Virgin and its unique corporate culture, and the primary promoter of its image and entrepreneurial spirit, Branson was synonymous with Virgin (Grant, 2010:814). He does not believe in corporate culture and bureaucracy, he prefers to do things differently by transition from rule Britainnia to cool Britainnia. Informality and disrespect for convention were central to Bransons way of business (Grant, 2010:814). Over the years, Branson has become more of strategic and charismatic leader of the Virgin Group instead of mere hand-on manager and his business vision has been a driving force for the success of Virgin. Another link is the Virgin Brand. Brand names and other trademarks are a form of reputational asset, their value is in the confidence they instill in customers (Grant, 2010:128). Grant (2010), described it as the Virgin groups most valuable asset. He noted that the values and characteristics that the Virgin brand communicated are inseparable from Branson the entrepreneur. The Virgin brand was also identified with innovation and unconventional strategies and marketing that characterised most Virgin start-ups (Grant, 2010:813). With the brand, the group was able to create other companies representing quality of services and value for money. It enabled them to create a range of products and services over other markets. Even though a brand name is an intangible asset, the value to organisational growth and competitive advantage sometimes can be immeasurable. The success of a firm to build a strong consumer brands have a powerful incentive to diversify which the Virgin group have succeede d in doing (Grant, 2010:130). The Virgin brand allowed the group to diversify to unlikely business areas in countries around the world like the US, Australia, Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong etc. The success of Virgin can also be traced to its organisational structure and culture. Organisational culture as identified by Jay Barney and cited by Grant (2010) is a firm resources of great strategic importance that is potentially very valuable which relates to its values, traditions and social norms. Virgins ability to operate effectively with so little formal structure or management systems owes much to the groups organisational culture as defined by Bransons own values and management style (Grant, 2010:818). He draws inspirations from the ideas of others and encouraged submission of new business ideas to its corporate offices. Employees are encouraged to develop business ideas for new businesses. Grant (2010) pointed out that the idea of Virgin Bride was actually from a Virgin Atlantic employee appalled of products and services offered by bridal stores in the UK. Employees have stakes in the group and strive to make the company succeed, allowing them to manage and control the co mpany and also to enjoy the benefits of their success. In 1993, Branson summed up Virgins relationship with employees as staff first, then customers and shareholders. Virgins capability is in using employees competence and commitments in achieving organisational goals which can only happen where there is an open workplace structure and culture. Virgin has done well in the establishment and management of new businesses over the years, but some of its businesses are no longer what they used to be considering the current the world economic downturn. Virgin must look inward and see some of its ventures that are no longer economically viable and consider divestment. A few of them should be considered like Virgin airline, Virgin money, Virgin cola etc. Virgin dominated the airline industry due to its management style and offering customers value for money, but this came at a price. The airline industry is capital intensive. As a matter of fact, in 1992 Branson sold his most profitable and successful business, Virgin Music for  £560 million to fund Virgin Atlantic (Grant 2010:809). Even though the airline still makes profit but it is not as profitable as it used to a decade ago. People no longer travel as much, and competition in the entire travel industry is rife. Nowadays, airlines are always trying to win customers over by of fering low prices and unique packages, compounded with substitutes to air travel etc. There are other factors affecting the profitability of air travel such as government regulations and deregulations, high jet fuel price, taxes etc. Considering all these, it will be best for Branson and the Virgin group to divest Virgin Airline. Branson is always known as trying to stick it the big boys, but his involvement in financial activities seems to be a business that should be left to the big boys by divesting and concentrating on other areas. Customers will prefer products and services from institutions with a long history and good track record such as banks and other financial institutions. With more established players in the field, his involvement is a little tricky. Virgin is not a bank and does not have all the infrastructures to ensure full banking activities, and as a result its effort to bid for 318 RBS branches in England and Wales failed, and was ran over by Spanish banking giant Santander, a clear indication for Virgin to divest Virgin money. Virgin cola, another of Richard Bransons effort to stick it to the big boys should also consider divestment. It is a known fact that brands fail when they move into unknown territories. Even though, Virgin cola might be cheaper than the likes of Coca-Cola and Pepsi, these are two giant coke makers known worldwide. It will be hard, if not impossible for Virgin Cola to make an impact competitively in the world market. Coke and Pepsi take competition seriously and will not fold arms while Virgin Cola try to unseat them. It is believed that strong brands exploit competitors weaknesses. Though Virgin is a strong brand, but its Virgin Cola is not a strong brand when compared to Coca-Cola and Pepsi. By 1997, Virgin Cola was losing  £5 million on revenues of  £30 million (Grant, 2010:813). Still trying to take on the big boys will come at a detrimental costs to Virgin. So, it will be wise to also divest Virgin Cola. As a result of diversification, a firm can expand its range of products and services and sell to existing customers or create new markets in different parts of the world thereby increasing value and growth. Grant (2010), described it as risk reduction strategy that enables shareholders spread risks. He noted that the focus of diversification analysis has been to identify the circumstances in which multi-business activity can create value (Grant, 2010:406). To determine if diversification will create shareholder value, Grant advised to apply Porters essential tests the attractiveness test, the cost of entry test and the better off test, Grant (2010:408). He explained that without diversification, firms are practically prisoners in their own industry. Branson successfully built companies from ground-up but strategic alliance with firms with the resources and capabilities might be beneficial. Alliance is something Branson knows well. In 2007, he negotiated an alliance with an Indian co mpany Tata to establish Indian Virgin mobile. Branson should do the same by diversifying into road construction in developing countries like Nigeria. An alliance with an already established company in Nigeria with the resources and capabilities such as Chinas Shanghai Shibang Machinery company (SBM) will be ideal. SBM provides construction companies with large amounts of stone crushers, sand making machines and industry grinding machines. Virgin has economies of scope as a result of tangible and intangible resources due to its brand name, this can be exploited to increase value through licensing or franchising. Virgins operating styles have been designed by Branson. Things have changed, Virgin should adjust its financial structure. Branson should consider looking within the group and consolidate or divest companies that are not performing well. Grant (2010) noted that to obtain the tax relief from Virgins loss-making firms, there are clear advantages to consolidation. Branson argued that Virgin companies operate on a standalone basis but consolidation of some in similar businesses such as Virgin Atlantic, Virgin Blue and Virgin Express, Virgin Retail and Victory Corporation will create more financial stability. This will also cut down the overhead of conducting multi businesses and offer customers more diversified service range. Virgin is a successful brand of small companies that run independently, its organisational structure has been as styled by Branson. The structure has worked to an extent but Virgin should allow its brand name to be used by other small good companies through franchise and collect royalties. Grant (2010), described the Virgin brand as its most valuable asset. The benefit of franchising the brand means Virgin can reduce risk, provide the much needed cash that it requires to run other profitable businesses, watch the business grow with minimal involvement, freely expand to other businesses and enter new markets in new countries. Franchisees are very important source of new  market offerings  and product concepts. Many companies have done well through franchise such as McDonalds, Trump hotels etc. The management structure of Virgin has been centred on one man, Branson and operated with little formal structure or management systems, this will not last forever. An organisation as big and diverse as Virgin should have a top-bottom management system instead of decisions being made by Branson and a few close pals. It is important that a well detailed management structure is in place instead of no-building, no-headquarters type of management he operates. The system may have worked under Branson does not mean it will work after him. Virgin is not a one-man business, it is a multi-national corporation and if Branson was to become less active as chief entrepreneur, public relations director and strategic architect without a defined management structure in place, who or what would take his place (Grant, 2010:822)? A centralised and systematic way of managing the future without Branson is what Virgin needs like Apple Inc.

harmful legalization Essay -- essays research papers

Harmful Legalization The United States government has seen fit to pass laws prohibiting the sale, manufacture, and possession of dangerous and destructive substances such as marijuana. In opportunistic and negligent haste, fringe aspects of society are seeking to undo laws regarding the restriction of marijuana. These factions have ignored the risks associated with marijuana, falsified information regarding its medical use, and ignore the greater issue with regards to the legalization of harmful substances. LSD, angle dust, and cocaine have several things in common, not the least of which is like marijuana, they are each responsible for the deaths of countless individuals. While a subject will find it difficult to outright end his life with marijuana, it does cause harmful damage to both the user and those around him. Each marijuana cigarette is exponentially more damaging to the lungs of the smoker and those around him than a typical tobacco cigarette. Further, contrary to claims of the harmlessness of marijuana by some advocates, each time it is used, it obliterates a portion of brain cells that can never grow back. Also the active ingredient in marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol or THC, has been linked to fetal damage, hormonal swings, a slight addiction rate, lower sperm counts and accelerated heart rates, none of which are anything approaching good health for a user. Other aspects besides a user’s physical body suffer when he or she decides to use marijuana. The emotional damage marijuana causes can be best summed up by a quote from researcher Damon Linker â€Å"†¦it (marijuana) does produce a pathology of the soul† (Linker). Everyone around the user suffers, because while he or she is in a drug-induced haze he or she neglects his or her friends, family and responsibilities. By escaping the subject simply dulls his or her pain from various troubles for a moment and does nothing to solve that which plagues him or her. Because of this, users will find themselves trapped within a vicious, unending cycle of getting high and forgetting, to coming down and needing the next fix, to getting high again. Upon realizing that the marijuana isn’t what is required to take away their pain, some will turn to other harder drugs such as cocaine. There may be other reasons for people to start using marijuana, but there is an unacceptable large risk that some of these new users w... ... For to claim the latter logically leads one to the bizarre judgment that Mother Teresa is no more and no less virtuous than Adolph Hitlerâ€Å"] (Beckwith). This way of thinking is detrimental to our society as a whole. When we refuse to take a stand against something that is morally wrong, we in fact, aid that cause. This allows the minority to dictate the terms to the majority. Look at Germany, 1932; Hitler was elected to power, because only fifteen percent of the country came out to vote. In our own country less than one-third of the people are in favor of marijuana legalization; of that number surely not all of them will ever use marijuana. We know that marijuana physically and emotionally harms people, has no medicinal value, and only a small minority of people of the country will use this drug, so why should it be legalized? The answer obviously is that it shouldn’t. Nor should we let the minority dictate terms to the rest of the country. This situation reminds me of a quote I heard from my grandpa: â€Å"The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing.†  The chart above shows the Ohio drug-violation arrests starting from 2000 to 2004.

Sociology Ethnicity Question

Using material from item A and elsewhere assess the claim that ethnic differences in educational achievement are primarily the result of school factors. It is not completely internal school factors that can affect different ethnicities level of achievement in education, external factors can have a large part to play in the achievement levels of ethnic minorities in education as well. In education studies have shown that Chinese students as well as Indian students are the highest achieving ethnic groups in education while black and Bangladeshi students are the lowest achieving students.In 2006, 73% of pupils Indian origin gained a 5 A* – C passes at GCSE, compared to 56% of White pupils and an even lower 47% of Black pupils, Item A agrees with this point. Labelling is a large part of the internal factors that affects different ethnic groups’ achievement in education as some teachers label different ethnic students as less able or be less able to understand the teacher be cause they are of different ethnicity when in fact they can understand as well as a white student.Ethnocentric Curriculum is also a large part of the internal factors that can have an affect on the success levels of the ethnic minorities in education as in schools they tend to teach subjects which are appealing to the white students over the black students. In history they tend to miss out teaching about black history in order to teach more appealing topics and in English, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens are usually taught over black writers and this can cause the ethnic students to take less of a care to the subject, ending up in a lower success rate.The internal factor of ‘institutional racism’ is a major factor which can cause the different ethnic groups to be less successful in education. There is evidence of ‘institutional racism’ in schools by the way that the schools take racism less seriously and often fail to deal with issues of racism whic h make the ethnic groups feel disadvantaged and treated differently making them have a mood of fatalism about education this point is also made in item A. Feature Article –  Sociology Test  1As well as internal factors there are external factors that can affect the success levels of ethnic groups in education such as the inadequate language level spoken by low-income black families. Bereiter and Englemann found that there language skills were ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable for education and incapable for expressing ideas. Flaherty argued that the external factor of the ethnic groups being more likely to live in low quality, substandard council housing also plays a large part on the success levels of ethnic groups in education.This means that they will also be less likely to have good study space, money for health nutritious food and means they are less likely to have revision resources needed for success and item A agrees with this point. Racism in the wider society is also a large external factor which can have a large impact on the ethnic groups in the wider society as this racism can de-motivate people from doing well in education and striving to get the good jobs as they believe only the people who are white ethnicity will get the jobs.This racism is evident in Mike Noon’s study, when he sent off applications named ‘Patel’ he got less, more negative responses than what he got when he sent of the same applications named ‘Evans’. So in conclusion, both internal and external factors are extremely important as the internal factors can affect them directly when they are doing work in school but the external factors can affect how hard they work to try to give themselves a good start outside of school as well as how hard they try at home after school. This makes them both as important as eachother.

Movimientos Vanguardistas Espaloes Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Movimientos Vanguardistas Espaloes Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Movimientos Vanguardistas Espaloes Movimiento vanguardista espaol e hispanoamericano Con este nombre se designan los movimientos artsticos y literarios que nacen en el siglo XX, aproximadamente desde 1910 a 1939. Su poca de mximo esplendor es hasta 1920, a partir de 1930 decaen pues el arte se acerca de nuevo a la realidad y se hace social y comprometido polticamente. En la Gaceta Literaria, junio de 1930, Guillermo de Torre da una larga lista con los movimientos de vanguardia: Cubismo Caractersticas generales: Futurismo 1. La existencia de muchos movimientos Expresionismo con una vida efmera, pues la continua Dadasmo experimentacin es la base del arte; sta Ultrasmo trae consigo la fugacidad de las corrientes Ultramodernismo artsticas: algunas apenas influyen pue Creacionismo son modas pasajeras, otras dejan profundas Neorromanticismo huellas. Superrealismo 2. Son europeos, la mayora nacen en Francia, Existencialismo desde all se lanzan los manifiestos, incluso los que tienen otra procedencia. 3. Afectan a las artes en general, y rompen las barreras de las artes y de las letras: msicos, escultores, pintores, escritores, hombres de cine, etc. Se dan cita en la renovacin expresiva, y buscan una nueva unidad, algo similar a lo que ya exista en las artes plsticas con lo gtico y . que el Renacimiento haba fragmentado 4. Desean ser originales, abrir nuevos caminos, crear para el futuro; son la y se oponen con virulencia a las estticas pasadas (Realismo, Naturalismo, Romanticismo, etc.) 5. Su pblico es minoritario, se renen en cafs, se aglutinan en torno a revistas y desde ellas lanzan sus manifiestos; estn alejados del gran pblico, con el paso del tiempo, algunos de sus logros formales y temticos se han acercado a la mayora. I. Cubismo A. poca 1908-1914 Se inicia en Pars como un movimiento propio de la pintura y luego pasa a la literatura. Surge por la necesidad de establecer la correspondencia lrica al hallazgo plstico representado por el cubismo pictrico. B. Caractersticas 1. Esquematismo, quiebra de la realidad. La descompone y forma una nueva realidad imaginada. 2. Literatura sin tema central ni ancdota. 3. Ilogismo voluntario que da libre curso al pensamiento. 4. Deformacin de la realidad por medio de metforas e imgenes desintegrantes. C. Autores importantes Apollinaire, Cendrars, Reverdy, Cocteau y Max Jacob. D. Obras representativas E. Aportacin literaria F. Trozo literario Ahora caminas por Pars muy solo entre la multitud Rebaos de autobuses mugiendo junto a ti ruedan la angustia del temor te aprieta el gaznate como si nunca ms debieras ser ya amado Si vivieras en el tiempo antiguo entraras en un monasterio Tenis vergenza cuando os sorprendis diciendo una oracin Te burlas de ti y como el fuego del infierno tu risa chispea las chispas de tu risa doran el fondo de tu vida Es un cuadro colgado en un sombro museo y a veces vas a mirarla de cerca.. Apollinaire: Zona; traduccin de Jos Mara Valverde II. Futurismo A. poca 1909-1914 Se inicia en Italia con el poeta Filippo T. Marinetti. B. Caractersticas 1. Desprecio al pasado, a lo tradicional, a las academias, a los museos. Amor al presente y al futuro. 2. Amor a la libertad, a la energa, a la vida moderna, la velocidad, la fuerza fsica, las mquinas. 3. Modificacin de la gramtica y supresin de la puntuacin. 4. Desprecio al sentimentalismo. C. Autores importantes 1. Humberto Boccioni 2. Carlo Carr 3. Luigi Rusolo 4. Giacomo Balla 5. Gino Severini 6. Filippo T. Marinetti D. Obras representativas 1. Manifiesto del futurismo (1909) De Filippo T. Marinetti E. Aportacin literaria Es un movimiento subversivo. Proclama su hasto y el cansancio de quienes no soportan el peso de la civilizacin occidental; busca la libertad, huyendo de todos los contenidos ideolgicos y de las representaciones generadas por stos (impresionismo, expresionismo, cubismo); se dirige al mundo de la mecnica y descubre que la vida moderna, en sus aspectos ms dinmicos (principalmente en los avances tecnolgicos), debe constituir un objetivo de atencin primordial. F. Trozo literario Sabed que el esplendor del mundo se ha enriquecido con una belleza nueva: la belleza de la velocidad... Un automvil rugiente, que parece correr sobre la metralla, es ms bello que la Victoria de Samotracia... Cantaremos las grandes multitudes agitadas por el trabajo, la vibracin nocturna de los arsenales bajo sus violentas lunas elctricas. Filippo T. Marinetti: Manifiesto del futurismo (1909) III. Expresionismo A. poca 1910-1925 Surge en Alemania. Abarca aproximadamente quince aos. Sin embargo, los lmites cronolgicos son imprecisos: puede hablarse de un expresionismo temprano desde 1905, y es evidente que influye hasta 1930 en pases como Alemania. B. Caractersticas 1. Reaccin subjetivista contra el impresionismo de los modernistas. 2. Aspira a un